Integrand size = 26, antiderivative size = 92 \[ \int \frac {\sec (c+d x)}{(a \cos (c+d x)+b \sin (c+d x))^2} \, dx=\frac {\text {arctanh}(\sin (c+d x))}{b^2 d}+\frac {a \text {arctanh}\left (\frac {b \cos (c+d x)-a \sin (c+d x)}{\sqrt {a^2+b^2}}\right )}{b^2 \sqrt {a^2+b^2} d}-\frac {1}{b d (a \cos (c+d x)+b \sin (c+d x))} \]
arctanh(sin(d*x+c))/b^2/d-1/b/d/(a*cos(d*x+c)+b*sin(d*x+c))+a*arctanh((b*c os(d*x+c)-a*sin(d*x+c))/(a^2+b^2)^(1/2))/b^2/d/(a^2+b^2)^(1/2)
Time = 0.83 (sec) , antiderivative size = 120, normalized size of antiderivative = 1.30 \[ \int \frac {\sec (c+d x)}{(a \cos (c+d x)+b \sin (c+d x))^2} \, dx=-\frac {\frac {2 a \text {arctanh}\left (\frac {-b+a \tan \left (\frac {1}{2} (c+d x)\right )}{\sqrt {a^2+b^2}}\right )}{\sqrt {a^2+b^2}}+\log \left (\cos \left (\frac {1}{2} (c+d x)\right )-\sin \left (\frac {1}{2} (c+d x)\right )\right )-\log \left (\cos \left (\frac {1}{2} (c+d x)\right )+\sin \left (\frac {1}{2} (c+d x)\right )\right )+\frac {b \sec (c+d x)}{a+b \tan (c+d x)}}{b^2 d} \]
-(((2*a*ArcTanh[(-b + a*Tan[(c + d*x)/2])/Sqrt[a^2 + b^2]])/Sqrt[a^2 + b^2 ] + Log[Cos[(c + d*x)/2] - Sin[(c + d*x)/2]] - Log[Cos[(c + d*x)/2] + Sin[ (c + d*x)/2]] + (b*Sec[c + d*x])/(a + b*Tan[c + d*x]))/(b^2*d))
Time = 0.38 (sec) , antiderivative size = 92, normalized size of antiderivative = 1.00, number of steps used = 7, number of rules used = 6, \(\frac {\text {number of rules}}{\text {integrand size}}\) = 0.231, Rules used = {3042, 3573, 3042, 3553, 219, 4257}
Below are the steps used by Rubi to obtain the solution. The rule number used for the transformation is given above next to the arrow. The rules definitions used are listed below.
| \(\displaystyle \int \frac {\sec (c+d x)}{(a \cos (c+d x)+b \sin (c+d x))^2} \, dx\) |
| \(\Big \downarrow \) 3042 |
| \(\displaystyle \int \frac {1}{\cos (c+d x) (a \cos (c+d x)+b \sin (c+d x))^2}dx\) |
| \(\Big \downarrow \) 3573 |
| \(\displaystyle -\frac {a \int \frac {1}{a \cos (c+d x)+b \sin (c+d x)}dx}{b^2}+\frac {\int \sec (c+d x)dx}{b^2}-\frac {1}{b d (a \cos (c+d x)+b \sin (c+d x))}\) |
| \(\Big \downarrow \) 3042 |
| \(\displaystyle -\frac {a \int \frac {1}{a \cos (c+d x)+b \sin (c+d x)}dx}{b^2}+\frac {\int \csc \left (c+d x+\frac {\pi }{2}\right )dx}{b^2}-\frac {1}{b d (a \cos (c+d x)+b \sin (c+d x))}\) |
| \(\Big \downarrow \) 3553 |
| \(\displaystyle \frac {a \int \frac {1}{a^2+b^2-(b \cos (c+d x)-a \sin (c+d x))^2}d(b \cos (c+d x)-a \sin (c+d x))}{b^2 d}+\frac {\int \csc \left (c+d x+\frac {\pi }{2}\right )dx}{b^2}-\frac {1}{b d (a \cos (c+d x)+b \sin (c+d x))}\) |
| \(\Big \downarrow \) 219 |
| \(\displaystyle \frac {\int \csc \left (c+d x+\frac {\pi }{2}\right )dx}{b^2}+\frac {a \text {arctanh}\left (\frac {b \cos (c+d x)-a \sin (c+d x)}{\sqrt {a^2+b^2}}\right )}{b^2 d \sqrt {a^2+b^2}}-\frac {1}{b d (a \cos (c+d x)+b \sin (c+d x))}\) |
| \(\Big \downarrow \) 4257 |
| \(\displaystyle \frac {a \text {arctanh}\left (\frac {b \cos (c+d x)-a \sin (c+d x)}{\sqrt {a^2+b^2}}\right )}{b^2 d \sqrt {a^2+b^2}}-\frac {1}{b d (a \cos (c+d x)+b \sin (c+d x))}+\frac {\text {arctanh}(\sin (c+d x))}{b^2 d}\) |
ArcTanh[Sin[c + d*x]]/(b^2*d) + (a*ArcTanh[(b*Cos[c + d*x] - a*Sin[c + d*x ])/Sqrt[a^2 + b^2]])/(b^2*Sqrt[a^2 + b^2]*d) - 1/(b*d*(a*Cos[c + d*x] + b* Sin[c + d*x]))
3.2.27.3.1 Defintions of rubi rules used
Int[((a_) + (b_.)*(x_)^2)^(-1), x_Symbol] :> Simp[(1/(Rt[a, 2]*Rt[-b, 2]))* ArcTanh[Rt[-b, 2]*(x/Rt[a, 2])], x] /; FreeQ[{a, b}, x] && NegQ[a/b] && (Gt Q[a, 0] || LtQ[b, 0])
Int[(cos[(c_.) + (d_.)*(x_)]*(a_.) + (b_.)*sin[(c_.) + (d_.)*(x_)])^(-1), x _Symbol] :> Simp[-d^(-1) Subst[Int[1/(a^2 + b^2 - x^2), x], x, b*Cos[c + d*x] - a*Sin[c + d*x]], x] /; FreeQ[{a, b, c, d}, x] && NeQ[a^2 + b^2, 0]
Int[(cos[(c_.) + (d_.)*(x_)]*(a_.) + (b_.)*sin[(c_.) + (d_.)*(x_)])^(n_)/co s[(c_.) + (d_.)*(x_)], x_Symbol] :> Simp[(a*Cos[c + d*x] + b*Sin[c + d*x])^ (n + 1)/(b*d*(n + 1)), x] + (Simp[1/b^2 Int[(a*Cos[c + d*x] + b*Sin[c + d *x])^(n + 2)/Cos[c + d*x], x], x] - Simp[a/b^2 Int[(a*Cos[c + d*x] + b*Si n[c + d*x])^(n + 1), x], x]) /; FreeQ[{a, b, c, d}, x] && NeQ[a^2 + b^2, 0] && LtQ[n, -1]
Int[csc[(c_.) + (d_.)*(x_)], x_Symbol] :> Simp[-ArcTanh[Cos[c + d*x]]/d, x] /; FreeQ[{c, d}, x]
Time = 0.82 (sec) , antiderivative size = 135, normalized size of antiderivative = 1.47
| method | result | size |
| derivativedivides | \(\frac {\frac {\ln \left (\tan \left (\frac {d x}{2}+\frac {c}{2}\right )+1\right )}{b^{2}}-\frac {\ln \left (\tan \left (\frac {d x}{2}+\frac {c}{2}\right )-1\right )}{b^{2}}+\frac {\frac {2 \left (\frac {b^{2} \tan \left (\frac {d x}{2}+\frac {c}{2}\right )}{a}+b \right )}{\tan \left (\frac {d x}{2}+\frac {c}{2}\right )^{2} a -2 b \tan \left (\frac {d x}{2}+\frac {c}{2}\right )-a}-\frac {2 a \,\operatorname {arctanh}\left (\frac {2 a \tan \left (\frac {d x}{2}+\frac {c}{2}\right )-2 b}{2 \sqrt {a^{2}+b^{2}}}\right )}{\sqrt {a^{2}+b^{2}}}}{b^{2}}}{d}\) | \(135\) |
| default | \(\frac {\frac {\ln \left (\tan \left (\frac {d x}{2}+\frac {c}{2}\right )+1\right )}{b^{2}}-\frac {\ln \left (\tan \left (\frac {d x}{2}+\frac {c}{2}\right )-1\right )}{b^{2}}+\frac {\frac {2 \left (\frac {b^{2} \tan \left (\frac {d x}{2}+\frac {c}{2}\right )}{a}+b \right )}{\tan \left (\frac {d x}{2}+\frac {c}{2}\right )^{2} a -2 b \tan \left (\frac {d x}{2}+\frac {c}{2}\right )-a}-\frac {2 a \,\operatorname {arctanh}\left (\frac {2 a \tan \left (\frac {d x}{2}+\frac {c}{2}\right )-2 b}{2 \sqrt {a^{2}+b^{2}}}\right )}{\sqrt {a^{2}+b^{2}}}}{b^{2}}}{d}\) | \(135\) |
| risch | \(-\frac {2 \,{\mathrm e}^{i \left (d x +c \right )}}{d b \left (-i b \,{\mathrm e}^{2 i \left (d x +c \right )}+{\mathrm e}^{2 i \left (d x +c \right )} a +i b +a \right )}+\frac {a \ln \left ({\mathrm e}^{i \left (d x +c \right )}-\frac {i a -b}{\sqrt {a^{2}+b^{2}}}\right )}{\sqrt {a^{2}+b^{2}}\, d \,b^{2}}-\frac {a \ln \left ({\mathrm e}^{i \left (d x +c \right )}+\frac {i a -b}{\sqrt {a^{2}+b^{2}}}\right )}{\sqrt {a^{2}+b^{2}}\, d \,b^{2}}-\frac {\ln \left ({\mathrm e}^{i \left (d x +c \right )}-i\right )}{b^{2} d}+\frac {\ln \left (i+{\mathrm e}^{i \left (d x +c \right )}\right )}{b^{2} d}\) | \(186\) |
1/d*(1/b^2*ln(tan(1/2*d*x+1/2*c)+1)-1/b^2*ln(tan(1/2*d*x+1/2*c)-1)+2/b^2*( (b^2/a*tan(1/2*d*x+1/2*c)+b)/(tan(1/2*d*x+1/2*c)^2*a-2*b*tan(1/2*d*x+1/2*c )-a)-a/(a^2+b^2)^(1/2)*arctanh(1/2*(2*a*tan(1/2*d*x+1/2*c)-2*b)/(a^2+b^2)^ (1/2))))
Leaf count of result is larger than twice the leaf count of optimal. 293 vs. \(2 (88) = 176\).
Time = 0.29 (sec) , antiderivative size = 293, normalized size of antiderivative = 3.18 \[ \int \frac {\sec (c+d x)}{(a \cos (c+d x)+b \sin (c+d x))^2} \, dx=-\frac {2 \, a^{2} b + 2 \, b^{3} - {\left (a^{2} \cos \left (d x + c\right ) + a b \sin \left (d x + c\right )\right )} \sqrt {a^{2} + b^{2}} \log \left (\frac {2 \, a b \cos \left (d x + c\right ) \sin \left (d x + c\right ) + {\left (a^{2} - b^{2}\right )} \cos \left (d x + c\right )^{2} - 2 \, a^{2} - b^{2} - 2 \, \sqrt {a^{2} + b^{2}} {\left (b \cos \left (d x + c\right ) - a \sin \left (d x + c\right )\right )}}{2 \, a b \cos \left (d x + c\right ) \sin \left (d x + c\right ) + {\left (a^{2} - b^{2}\right )} \cos \left (d x + c\right )^{2} + b^{2}}\right ) - {\left ({\left (a^{3} + a b^{2}\right )} \cos \left (d x + c\right ) + {\left (a^{2} b + b^{3}\right )} \sin \left (d x + c\right )\right )} \log \left (\sin \left (d x + c\right ) + 1\right ) + {\left ({\left (a^{3} + a b^{2}\right )} \cos \left (d x + c\right ) + {\left (a^{2} b + b^{3}\right )} \sin \left (d x + c\right )\right )} \log \left (-\sin \left (d x + c\right ) + 1\right )}{2 \, {\left ({\left (a^{3} b^{2} + a b^{4}\right )} d \cos \left (d x + c\right ) + {\left (a^{2} b^{3} + b^{5}\right )} d \sin \left (d x + c\right )\right )}} \]
-1/2*(2*a^2*b + 2*b^3 - (a^2*cos(d*x + c) + a*b*sin(d*x + c))*sqrt(a^2 + b ^2)*log((2*a*b*cos(d*x + c)*sin(d*x + c) + (a^2 - b^2)*cos(d*x + c)^2 - 2* a^2 - b^2 - 2*sqrt(a^2 + b^2)*(b*cos(d*x + c) - a*sin(d*x + c)))/(2*a*b*co s(d*x + c)*sin(d*x + c) + (a^2 - b^2)*cos(d*x + c)^2 + b^2)) - ((a^3 + a*b ^2)*cos(d*x + c) + (a^2*b + b^3)*sin(d*x + c))*log(sin(d*x + c) + 1) + ((a ^3 + a*b^2)*cos(d*x + c) + (a^2*b + b^3)*sin(d*x + c))*log(-sin(d*x + c) + 1))/((a^3*b^2 + a*b^4)*d*cos(d*x + c) + (a^2*b^3 + b^5)*d*sin(d*x + c))
\[ \int \frac {\sec (c+d x)}{(a \cos (c+d x)+b \sin (c+d x))^2} \, dx=\int \frac {\sec {\left (c + d x \right )}}{\left (a \cos {\left (c + d x \right )} + b \sin {\left (c + d x \right )}\right )^{2}}\, dx \]
Leaf count of result is larger than twice the leaf count of optimal. 212 vs. \(2 (88) = 176\).
Time = 0.31 (sec) , antiderivative size = 212, normalized size of antiderivative = 2.30 \[ \int \frac {\sec (c+d x)}{(a \cos (c+d x)+b \sin (c+d x))^2} \, dx=-\frac {\frac {2 \, {\left (a + \frac {b \sin \left (d x + c\right )}{\cos \left (d x + c\right ) + 1}\right )}}{a^{2} b + \frac {2 \, a b^{2} \sin \left (d x + c\right )}{\cos \left (d x + c\right ) + 1} - \frac {a^{2} b \sin \left (d x + c\right )^{2}}{{\left (\cos \left (d x + c\right ) + 1\right )}^{2}}} - \frac {a \log \left (\frac {b - \frac {a \sin \left (d x + c\right )}{\cos \left (d x + c\right ) + 1} + \sqrt {a^{2} + b^{2}}}{b - \frac {a \sin \left (d x + c\right )}{\cos \left (d x + c\right ) + 1} - \sqrt {a^{2} + b^{2}}}\right )}{\sqrt {a^{2} + b^{2}} b^{2}} - \frac {\log \left (\frac {\sin \left (d x + c\right )}{\cos \left (d x + c\right ) + 1} + 1\right )}{b^{2}} + \frac {\log \left (\frac {\sin \left (d x + c\right )}{\cos \left (d x + c\right ) + 1} - 1\right )}{b^{2}}}{d} \]
-(2*(a + b*sin(d*x + c)/(cos(d*x + c) + 1))/(a^2*b + 2*a*b^2*sin(d*x + c)/ (cos(d*x + c) + 1) - a^2*b*sin(d*x + c)^2/(cos(d*x + c) + 1)^2) - a*log((b - a*sin(d*x + c)/(cos(d*x + c) + 1) + sqrt(a^2 + b^2))/(b - a*sin(d*x + c )/(cos(d*x + c) + 1) - sqrt(a^2 + b^2)))/(sqrt(a^2 + b^2)*b^2) - log(sin(d *x + c)/(cos(d*x + c) + 1) + 1)/b^2 + log(sin(d*x + c)/(cos(d*x + c) + 1) - 1)/b^2)/d
Time = 0.36 (sec) , antiderivative size = 166, normalized size of antiderivative = 1.80 \[ \int \frac {\sec (c+d x)}{(a \cos (c+d x)+b \sin (c+d x))^2} \, dx=\frac {\frac {a \log \left (\frac {{\left | 2 \, a \tan \left (\frac {1}{2} \, d x + \frac {1}{2} \, c\right ) - 2 \, b - 2 \, \sqrt {a^{2} + b^{2}} \right |}}{{\left | 2 \, a \tan \left (\frac {1}{2} \, d x + \frac {1}{2} \, c\right ) - 2 \, b + 2 \, \sqrt {a^{2} + b^{2}} \right |}}\right )}{\sqrt {a^{2} + b^{2}} b^{2}} + \frac {\log \left ({\left | \tan \left (\frac {1}{2} \, d x + \frac {1}{2} \, c\right ) + 1 \right |}\right )}{b^{2}} - \frac {\log \left ({\left | \tan \left (\frac {1}{2} \, d x + \frac {1}{2} \, c\right ) - 1 \right |}\right )}{b^{2}} + \frac {2 \, {\left (b \tan \left (\frac {1}{2} \, d x + \frac {1}{2} \, c\right ) + a\right )}}{{\left (a \tan \left (\frac {1}{2} \, d x + \frac {1}{2} \, c\right )^{2} - 2 \, b \tan \left (\frac {1}{2} \, d x + \frac {1}{2} \, c\right ) - a\right )} a b}}{d} \]
(a*log(abs(2*a*tan(1/2*d*x + 1/2*c) - 2*b - 2*sqrt(a^2 + b^2))/abs(2*a*tan (1/2*d*x + 1/2*c) - 2*b + 2*sqrt(a^2 + b^2)))/(sqrt(a^2 + b^2)*b^2) + log( abs(tan(1/2*d*x + 1/2*c) + 1))/b^2 - log(abs(tan(1/2*d*x + 1/2*c) - 1))/b^ 2 + 2*(b*tan(1/2*d*x + 1/2*c) + a)/((a*tan(1/2*d*x + 1/2*c)^2 - 2*b*tan(1/ 2*d*x + 1/2*c) - a)*a*b))/d
Time = 23.04 (sec) , antiderivative size = 383, normalized size of antiderivative = 4.16 \[ \int \frac {\sec (c+d x)}{(a \cos (c+d x)+b \sin (c+d x))^2} \, dx=-\frac {b^2\,\sin \left (c+d\,x\right )-\frac {2\,\left (a^2\,\cos \left (c+d\,x\right )\,\mathrm {atanh}\left (\frac {\sin \left (\frac {c}{2}+\frac {d\,x}{2}\right )}{\cos \left (\frac {c}{2}+\frac {d\,x}{2}\right )}\right )\,\sqrt {a^2+b^2}+a^3\,\mathrm {atan}\left (\frac {1{}\mathrm {i}\,\sin \left (\frac {c}{2}+\frac {d\,x}{2}\right )\,a^2+1{}\mathrm {i}\,\cos \left (\frac {c}{2}+\frac {d\,x}{2}\right )\,a\,b+2{}\mathrm {i}\,\sin \left (\frac {c}{2}+\frac {d\,x}{2}\right )\,b^2}{a\,\cos \left (\frac {c}{2}+\frac {d\,x}{2}\right )\,\sqrt {a^2+b^2}+2\,b\,\sin \left (\frac {c}{2}+\frac {d\,x}{2}\right )\,\sqrt {a^2+b^2}}\right )\,\cos \left (c+d\,x\right )\,1{}\mathrm {i}\right )}{\sqrt {a^2+b^2}}+\frac {2\,b\,\left (\frac {a\,\sqrt {a^2+b^2}}{2}+\frac {a\,\cos \left (c+d\,x\right )\,\sqrt {a^2+b^2}}{2}-a\,\sin \left (c+d\,x\right )\,\mathrm {atanh}\left (\frac {\sin \left (\frac {c}{2}+\frac {d\,x}{2}\right )}{\cos \left (\frac {c}{2}+\frac {d\,x}{2}\right )}\right )\,\sqrt {a^2+b^2}-a^2\,\mathrm {atan}\left (\frac {1{}\mathrm {i}\,\sin \left (\frac {c}{2}+\frac {d\,x}{2}\right )\,a^2+1{}\mathrm {i}\,\cos \left (\frac {c}{2}+\frac {d\,x}{2}\right )\,a\,b+2{}\mathrm {i}\,\sin \left (\frac {c}{2}+\frac {d\,x}{2}\right )\,b^2}{a\,\cos \left (\frac {c}{2}+\frac {d\,x}{2}\right )\,\sqrt {a^2+b^2}+2\,b\,\sin \left (\frac {c}{2}+\frac {d\,x}{2}\right )\,\sqrt {a^2+b^2}}\right )\,\sin \left (c+d\,x\right )\,1{}\mathrm {i}\right )}{\sqrt {a^2+b^2}}}{a\,b^2\,d\,\left (a\,\cos \left (c+d\,x\right )+b\,\sin \left (c+d\,x\right )\right )} \]
-(b^2*sin(c + d*x) - (2*(a^3*atan((a^2*sin(c/2 + (d*x)/2)*1i + b^2*sin(c/2 + (d*x)/2)*2i + a*b*cos(c/2 + (d*x)/2)*1i)/(a*cos(c/2 + (d*x)/2)*(a^2 + b ^2)^(1/2) + 2*b*sin(c/2 + (d*x)/2)*(a^2 + b^2)^(1/2)))*cos(c + d*x)*1i + a ^2*cos(c + d*x)*atanh(sin(c/2 + (d*x)/2)/cos(c/2 + (d*x)/2))*(a^2 + b^2)^( 1/2)))/(a^2 + b^2)^(1/2) + (2*b*((a*(a^2 + b^2)^(1/2))/2 + (a*cos(c + d*x) *(a^2 + b^2)^(1/2))/2 - a^2*atan((a^2*sin(c/2 + (d*x)/2)*1i + b^2*sin(c/2 + (d*x)/2)*2i + a*b*cos(c/2 + (d*x)/2)*1i)/(a*cos(c/2 + (d*x)/2)*(a^2 + b^ 2)^(1/2) + 2*b*sin(c/2 + (d*x)/2)*(a^2 + b^2)^(1/2)))*sin(c + d*x)*1i - a* sin(c + d*x)*atanh(sin(c/2 + (d*x)/2)/cos(c/2 + (d*x)/2))*(a^2 + b^2)^(1/2 )))/(a^2 + b^2)^(1/2))/(a*b^2*d*(a*cos(c + d*x) + b*sin(c + d*x)))